Junior Dentist » Oral Pathology http://www.juniordentist.com All about becoming a Dentist! Wed, 30 Jun 2010 14:51:30 +0000 http://wordpress.org/?v=2.9 en hourly 1 Keratoacanthoma http://www.juniordentist.com/keratoacanthoma.html http://www.juniordentist.com/keratoacanthoma.html#comments Fri, 12 Jun 2009 08:04:32 +0000 Varun http://www.juniordentist.com/?p=551 It is a common low grade malignancy that origanates in the pilo sebaseous glands.

It resembles Squamous cell carcinoma, and considered a varient of invasive squamous cell carcinoma.

Synonyms:

  • Self healing carcinoma
  • Molluscum pseudocarcinomatosum
  • Molluscum sabecum
  • Verrucoma
Differential diagnosis:
  • Actin keratosis
  • Molluscum contagiosum
  • Muir-Torre Syndrome
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Verrucous
Etiology:
  • Exposure to sunlight
  • Exposure to Pitch, tar.
  • Trauma
  • Human Papilloma Virus
  • Genetic factors
  • Immunocompramised status
Clinical  Features:
  1. Age: All ages are equally affected.
  2. Sex: M>F
  3. Race: White>Black
  4. Common sites on Body: Seen mostly in sun exposed areas- Face, neck, dorsum of upper limb.
  5. Common sites on face: Lips, Vermillion border.
  6. Lesions are Solitary, Firm, Round, Skin coloured (or) Reddish papules which progress to Dome shaped nodules with a shiny surface and a central crateriform ulceration (or) Keratin Plug that may project like a Horn.
  7. Lesions: Elevated Umbilicated (or) Crateriform with a depressed central core.
  8. Size: 1 – 1.5 cm in diameter.
  9. It is a painful lesion seen with Lymphadenopathy.
Course of the Lesion:
Small firm nodule –> Full size in 4 to 8 weeks –> (6 – 8 weeks in a static stage) –> Regrussion by expulsion of keratin.
Histological features:
  1. Hyperplastic squamous epithelium can be seen growing into the underlying connective tissue.
  2. Surface is covered be Ortho keratinized or Parakeratinized epithelium with central plugging.
  3. At the margins the normal epthelium is elevated to the central portion of the crater, then an abrupt change in the normal epithelium occurs as the hyperplastic acanthomatous epithelium is reached.
  4. Borders / Margins are very important for diagnosis.
  5. At margins islands of epithelium appear invading the deep leading margin of the tumor.
  6. Pseudocarcinomatous infiltration typically presents a smoother, regular well demarcated front that does not extend beyond the level of sweat glands.
  7. Connective tissue shows chronic inflamatory cell infiltration.
Treatment and Prognosis:
  • Surgical Exision.
  • Aggressive therapy on recurrance.
  • Recurrance is rare.
  • Prognosis is good.
  • May lead to skin cancer in future.
]]> http://www.juniordentist.com/keratoacanthoma.html/feed 0 Squamous Papilloma http://www.juniordentist.com/squamous-papilloma.html http://www.juniordentist.com/squamous-papilloma.html#comments Tue, 02 Jun 2009 18:24:25 +0000 Varun http://www.juniordentist.com/?p=537 It is a type of Benign Tumor of Epithelial Tissue origin.

The Squamous papilloma is associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) types 6, 11. This Tumor is of low virulance i.e it is not contagious.

Differential Diagnosis:

  • Veruca Vulgaris
  • Focal Papillary Hyperplasia
Clinical Features:
  • The Papilloma shows Exophytic growth.
  • Numerous small finger like projections which result in lesion with a roughened, verrucous (or) Cauliflower Surface.
  • It is a well circumscried tumor.
  • The tumor is Pedenculated (Mostly) or Sessile (sometimes).
  • Color: White (sometimes pink)
  • Site: Tongue, lips, uccal mucosa, gingiva and palate (adjacent to uvula)
  • Size: Few millimeters in diameter to several centimeters
  • Age: No age prdilection.
Histological features:
  • Charecteristic feature: Many long thin, finger like projections extending above the surface of mucosa.
  • Each finger like projection is lined by Stratified Squamous Epithelium and contains a thin central connective tissue.
  • The spinous cells proliferate in a papillary pattern.
  • Koliocytes- HPV altered cells may or maynot be seen.
  • Chronic inflamatory cells are seen.
Treatment and Prognosis:
  • Surgical Excision incleding the base of mucosa into which the pedicle or stalk is inserted.
  • If the Exicision is done properly then Recurrance is rare.
]]> http://www.juniordentist.com/squamous-papilloma.html/feed 0 Benign Tumors of Epithelial Origin http://www.juniordentist.com/benign-tumors-of-epithelial-origin.html http://www.juniordentist.com/benign-tumors-of-epithelial-origin.html#comments Tue, 02 Jun 2009 17:28:20 +0000 Varun http://www.juniordentist.com/?p=535 The benign tumors are the non harmful or non malignant multiplication of cells, which form a mass and are  considered as tumors.

The benign tumors of Epithelial origin are:

  • Squamous Papilloma
  • Squamous Acanthoma
  • Kerato Acanthoma
  • Oral Nevi
]]> http://www.juniordentist.com/benign-tumors-of-epithelial-origin.html/feed 0 Tumors of the Oral Cavity http://www.juniordentist.com/tumors-oral-cavity.html http://www.juniordentist.com/tumors-oral-cavity.html#comments Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:15:32 +0000 Varun http://www.juniordentist.com/?p=532 The tumors of the oral cavity are classified into types based on their origin, the Tumors are classified into 4 types like:

1. Tumors of Epithelial origin.

2. Tumors of Connective tissue origin.

3. Tumors of Muscle Tissue Origin.

4.Tumors of Nerve Tissue Origin.

These Types are again divided into 3 types each based on the stage of the Tumor:

1. Tumors of Epithelial origin:

  • Benign Tumors of Epithelial origin.
  • Pre malignant Lesions/Conditions of Epithelial origin.
  • Malignant Tumors of Epithelial origin.
2. Tumors of Connective Tissue origin.
  • Benign Tumors of Connective tissue origin.
  • Malignant Tumors of Connective Tissue origin.
3. Tumors of Muscle Tissue Origin.
  • Benign tumors of Muscle tissue origin.
  • Malignant tumors of Muscle tissue origin.
4. Tumors of Nerve Tissue Origin.
  • Benign Tumors of Nerve tissue origin.
  • Malignant tumors or Nerve tissue origin.
]]> http://www.juniordentist.com/tumors-oral-cavity.html/feed 0 Developmental Disturbances in Size of teeth- Microdontia http://www.juniordentist.com/developmental-disturbances-in-size-of-teeth-microdontia.html http://www.juniordentist.com/developmental-disturbances-in-size-of-teeth-microdontia.html#comments Wed, 14 Jan 2009 18:21:00 +0000 Varun http://www.juniordentist.com/?p=339 In the developmental disturbances of teeth as you have seen in the classification we have 2 types:

  • Microdontia
  • Macrodontia

We are going to discuss in detail about Microdontia here:

Microdontia

Microdontia

Microdontia: It is defined as the size of theeth which is smaller than normal (or) outside the normal range of teeth size.

Microdontia is again divided into 3 types:

  • True Generalized
  • Relatively Generalized
  • Involving a Single Tooth

True Generalized:

All the teeth are smaller than normal.

Teeth are well formed but small in size.

Incidence: Very Rare.

Aetiology: Pitutary dwarfism, Downs Syndrome.

True Generalized

Relative Generalized type:

Teeth are normal or slightly smaller than normal teeth within the range of size of teeth, but the jaw size is slightly larger than the normal giving an Impression of Microdontia.

Aetiology: Inheritance of Jaw size from one parent and the teeth from another parent may lead to this condition.

Involving a Single Tooth:

It is also called as localised Microdontia, affecting commonly the Maxillary lateral incissor and the Third Molar.

Incidence: Rather Common

Aetiology: Supernumerary teeth and in Facial Hemiatrophy.

Single tooth is involved

Common Form in PEG laterals: The mesial and distal surfaces converge to the top forming a cone shaped crown with the roots being shorter than normal.

Peg Laterals

Peg Laterals

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