Introduction:

Detailed Anatomy and Osteology of Head and Neck

• Paranasal Air sinuses
• Lymphatics and Air Sinuses
• Gross Anatomy of Brain
• Study Of Cranial Nerves- in detail extra cranial course 5th, 7th and 9th nerves and upper cervical nerves

Embryology:

Embryology of head and neck with emphasis on the development of face, tongue, palates, salivary glands, pharyngeal arches, and pouches.

Histology:

The following topics are discussed and practically shown on slides, specimens which are stained are showed, this helps us in knowing the structure of the particular structure at a cellular level :

• Epithelium including glands and Gastro-intestinal tract.
• Muscle
• Periosteum
• Bone
• Cartilage
• Adipose tissue
• Fibrous tissue
• Elastic tissue
• Lymph tissue
• Blood
• Blood vessels
• Nerves
• Lung
• Kidney
• Spleen-liver-thymus-pancreas
• Endocrine gland

PRACTICALS:

Dissection of head and neck excluding opening of skull and demonstration of wet and dry specimens including brain.

1. Gross Anatomy
2. Histology
3. Embryology

• Gross Anatomy - It is the study of the human body, for us i mean the dental students we have to deal with the upper extremities i.e the Head and neck. everything here is dealt with detail, it involves the study of bones, muscles, nerves, blood vessels etc.
• Histology - It is the microscopic study of tissues . It is done by using stained tissues and viewed through a microscope. This enables us to study the cells in detail. All the organs and other structures of the body are studies under this and not restricting us only to head and neck.
• Embryology - It is the study of the development of a human being . Here we get to study the different stages in the development of life. It also teaches us the development of organs in particular, and the defects (anamolies) caused during the development stages. We have to concentrate more on the development of organs related to the oral cavity.